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Amazon Web Services ​

Amazon Web Services (AWS) is the world’s leading cloud computing platform, providing on-demand IT resources (compute, storage, networking, databases, AI, etc.) over the internet with pay-as-you-go pricing. Instead of owning physical data centers/servers, organizations rent AWS infrastructure and services.

A Brief History ​

  • 2000–2002: Amazon internal teams realize they spend too much time on infrastructure setup. They start building standardized, reusable IT components.
  • 2004: First AWS service launched → Amazon SQS (Simple Queue Service).
  • 2006: Public launch of AWS with S3 (Simple Storage Service) and EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud).
  • 2010: Amazon.com (retail business) fully migrated to AWS infrastructure.
  • 2014: AWS becomes the fastest business unit in Amazon to reach $1B revenue.
  • Today (2025): AWS holds the largest market share (~30%) in global cloud, ahead of Microsoft Azure and Google Cloud.

Primary Services Provided by AWS ​

AWS groups services into several pillars:

1. Compute ​

Services that provide processing power.

  • EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud): Virtual machines in the cloud.
  • Lambda: Serverless functions, run code without managing servers.
  • ECS / EKS: Run containers (Docker/Kubernetes).
  • Lightsail: Simplified hosting for small apps.

2. Storage ​

Durable, scalable storage solutions.

  • S3 (Simple Storage Service): Object storage, highly durable.
  • EBS (Elastic Block Store): Block storage for EC2.
  • EFS (Elastic File System): Shared file system.
  • Glacier / S3 Glacier Deep Archive: Low-cost archival storage.

3. Networking & Content Delivery ​

Connect and distribute data globally.

  • VPC (Virtual Private Cloud): Isolated network environment.
  • Route 53: DNS and domain management.
  • CloudFront: Global CDN for caching content.
  • API Gateway: Manage APIs at scale.
  • Elastic Load Balancing (ELB): Distribute traffic across servers.

4. Databases ​

Managed database solutions.

  • RDS (Relational Database Service): Managed MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle, SQL Server.
  • Aurora: High-performance relational DB (MySQL/Postgres-compatible).
  • DynamoDB: Fully managed NoSQL key-value store.
  • ElastiCache: In-memory caching (Redis, Memcached).
  • Neptune: Graph database.

5. Security, Identity & Compliance ​

  • IAM (Identity and Access Management): User access control.
  • KMS (Key Management Service): Encryption key management.
  • WAF & Shield: Web application firewall & DDoS protection.
  • Organizations: Multi-account management.

6. Developer Tools & CI/CD ​

  • CodeCommit: Git repositories.
  • CodeBuild, CodeDeploy, CodePipeline: CI/CD pipeline tools.
  • Cloud9: Cloud-based IDE.

7. Machine Learning & AI ​

  • SageMaker: Build/train/deploy ML models.
  • Rekognition: Image & video analysis.
  • Comprehend: NLP (text analysis).
  • Lex & Polly: Chatbots & text-to-speech.

8. Analytics & Data ​

  • Athena: Query S3 data with SQL.
  • EMR (Elastic MapReduce): Big data Hadoop/Spark clusters.
  • Kinesis: Real-time data streaming.
  • Redshift: Data warehousing.

9. Management & Monitoring ​

  • CloudWatch: Monitoring, metrics, alerts.
  • CloudTrail: Logs API calls for auditing.
  • Config: Tracks configuration changes.
  • Trusted Advisor: Cost/security/reliability recommendations.

10. Other Notables ​

  • SNS (Simple Notification Service): Pub/sub messaging.
  • SQS (Simple Queue Service): Message queuing.
  • Step Functions: Serverless orchestration.
  • IoT Core: IoT device management.
  • Global infrastructure: Data centers in 30+ regions, 100+ availability zones.
  • Scalability: From a small startup to enterprise-scale apps.
  • Reliability: Highly redundant, fault-tolerant.
  • Pay-as-you-go: No upfront costs.
  • Ecosystem: Huge number of integrated services.

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